![]() ![]() The society was not egalitarian, and it never questioned slavery. ![]() The code had unequal punishments and treated certain groups of people and women unequally. The punishments were harsh and unreasonable and included severe punishments like death penalties. It was a means to get rid of crimes in the state and keep the nation safe, but it was a terrible way of enforcing the law. It ensured that people obeyed the laws and that people got punishments according to their crimes. It was a fair system with strict, simple rules and helped keep crimes at bay because of the harsh punishments. The code helped maintain social order and have an organized society. He revised and expanded older collections of Sumerian and Akkadian laws while formulating the code. So with the help of his artisans, he codified the laws in the country intending to promote social cohesion and administration in the country and publicized it to show transparency in his governance. ![]() As his empire expanded, he found it difficult to administer a large and diverse group of people. The code was promulgated by King Hammurabi of Babylon, who ruled over much of Mesopotamia from 1792 to 1750 BC. But the codes were not based on equality there were stratification and differences in punishments based on class and gender. The code followed the principle of lex talionis, the law of retributive justice where the criminal gets punishment equal to the one they inflicted on the victim i.e., “an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth”. ![]() It was looted and later rediscovered by a team of French archaeologists in Susa, Iraq. They were carved into massive, finger-shaped, black stone stele and dates back to 1754 BC. After that, the land was taken over and ruled for many more ages, but the imprint that Hammurabi's code had made still stands today.The code of Hammurabi containing 282 laws is one of the oldest written laws codes in the world. Following these events, the people by the name of the Kassities came to power in Babylon. In 1595 B.C., the Hittite ruler Mursili I captured Babylon, bringing the rule of Hammurabi’s successors to a close. Ultimately, Hammurabi's kingdom would not last and fell into decline when King Hammurabi died. Further battles against cities such as Assyria and Mari expanded his empire even more. After several battles, he also gained control of the city of Larsha. With the death of the King of Ashur, Hammurabi saw and took the chance to expand. King Hammurabi didn't want to doom his city. Babylon was located between two larger cities, Larsha and Ashur. Once Hammurabi took control of Babylonia, he had to be patient before expanding. He turned this tiny city into a mighty empire. Six rulers before Hammurabi, the city had been turned into a pretty city with a small amount of territory. This little city was conquered and changed many times. Records suggest that the city of Ur started up about 4,000 years ago. Little is known about the start of the Babylonian empire. Another great accomplishment, if the ancient stories are true, is the construction of the Hanging Gardens, which some believe was built by the biblical king Nebuchadnezzar II. Hammurabi created a harsh system of laws, while in later times the Babylonian language would be used across the Middle East as a way of communicating across borders. The ancient city of Babylon served as the center of Mesopotamian life for over two millennium. It was along the Euphrates river about 50 miles south of modern day Baghdad. Ancient Babylonia was a large empire in southern Mesopotamia. ![]()
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